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How To Use Keyboard Shortcuts

Startup
Keystroke Description
Press X during startup Force Mac OS X startup
Press Option-Command-Shift-Delete
during startup
Bypass primary startup volume and seek a different startup volume (such as a CD or external disk)
Press C during startup Start up from a CD that has a system folder
Press N during startup Attempt to start up from a compatible network server (NetBoot)
Press R during startup Force PowerBook screen reset
Press T during startup Start up in FireWire Target Disk mode
Press Shift during startup start up in Safe Boot mode and temporarily disable login items and non-essential kernel extension files (Mac OS X 10.2 and later)
Press Command-V during startup Start up in Verbose mode.
Press Command-S during startup Start up in Single-User mode

Finder window
Keyboard shortcut Description
Command-W Close Window
Option-Command-W Close all Windows
Command-Right Arrow Expand folder (list view)
Option-Command-Right Arrow Expand folder and nested subfolders (list view)
Command-Left Arrow Collapse Folder (list view)
Option-Command-Up Arrow Open parent folder and close current window

Menu commands
Keyboard shortcut Description
Shift-Command-Q Apple Menu
     Log out
Shift-Option-Command-Q Apple Menu
     Log out immediately
Shift-Command-Delete Finder Menu
     Empty Trash
Option-Shift-Command-Delete Finder Menu
     Empty Trash without dialog
Command-H Finder Menu
     Hide Finder
Option-Command-H Finder Menu
     Hide Others
Command-N File Menu
     New Finder window
Shift-Command-N File Menu
     New Folder
Command-O File Menu
     Open
Command-S File Menu
     Save
Shift-Command-S File Menu
     Save as
Command-P File Menu
     Print
Command-W File Menu
     Close Window
Option-Command-W File Menu
     Close all Windows
Command-I File Menu
     Get Info
Option-Command-I File Menu
     Show Attributes Inspector
Command-D File Menu
     Duplicate
Command-L File Menu
     Make Alias
Command-R File Menu
     Show original
Command-T File Menu
     Add to Favorites
Command-Delete File Menu
     Move to Trash
Command-E File Menu
     Eject
Command-F File Menu
     Find
Command-Z Edit Menu
     Undo
Command-X Edit Menu
     Cut
Command-C Edit Menu
     Copy
Command-V Edit Menu
     Paste
Command-A Edit Menu
     Select All
Command-1 View Menu
     View as Icons
Command-2 View Menu
     View as List
Command-3 View Menu
     View as Columns
Command-B View Menu
     Hide Toolbar
Command-J View Menu
     Show View Options
Command - [ Go Menu
     Back
Command - ] Go Menu
     Forward
Shift-Command-C Go Menu
     Computer
Shift-Command-H Go Menu
     Home
Shift-Command-I Go Menu
     iDisk
Shift-Command-A Go Menu
     Applications
Shift-Command-F Go Menu
     Favorites
Shift-Command-G Go Menu
     Goto Folder
Command-K Go Menu
     Connect to Server
Command-M Window Menu
     Minimize Window
Option-Command-M Window Menu
     Minimize All Windows
Command-? Help Menu
     Open Mac Help

Other Commands
Keystroke Description
Option-Command-D Show/Hide Dock
Command-Tab Switch application
tab Highlight next item
Command-Up Arrow Move up one directory
Command-Down Arrow Move down one directory
Page Up or Control-Up Arrow Move up one page
Page Down or Control-Down Arrow Move down one page
Option-Drag Copy to new location
Option-Command-Drag Make alias in new location
Command-Drag Move to new location without copying
Shift-Command-C Show Colors palette in application
Command-T Show Font palette in application
Command-Shift-3 Take a picture of the screen
Command-Shift-4 Take a picture of the selection
Command-Shift-4, then press Control while selecting Take a picture of the screen, place in Clipboard
Command-Shift-4, then Spacebar Take a picture of the selected window
Option-Command-esc Force Quit
Control-Eject Restart, Sleep, Shutdown dialog box
Control-Command-Eject Quit all applications and restart
Option-Command-Eject or
Option-Command-Power
Sleep
Command-click window toolbar button (upper right corner) Cycle through available views for the window's toolbar (dependant on the nature of the Finder or application window)
Command-` Cycle through windows in application or Finder (if more than one window is open)
Function-Delete (PowerBook, iBook only) Forward Delete (delete the character to the right of your cursor)

Related documents
61466 Mac OS X: Shortcuts for Activating Full Keyboard Access
61529 Mac OS X: How to Use the Keyboard to Perform Actions
106178 Startup Manager: How to Select a Startup Volume
61530 Mac OS X: Alternative Ways to Control Your Computer
61544 Mac OS X: Shortcuts for Taking Pictures of the Screen
106567 Mac OS: Apple Pro Keyboard Shortcuts for Shut Down and Restart
75294 iPhoto 1.1.1: Additional Keyboard Shortcuts
107081 Mac OS X 10.2: Kotoeri Keyboard Shortcuts Have Changed
61474 Mac OS X: Shortcuts for Windows
106743 Mac OS X 10.1: Additional Features of the Dock
61494 Mac OS X: Speech - How to Add a Spoken Command for Keyboard Shortcut

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